cloud based thermostat is a wide term. You need to be a little more specific.
Like Zigbee, Z-wave or Wifi? All of those can be cloud. I don’t have any thermostats yet, but I am considering getting some Zigbee ones, because those can connect locally to my Home Assistant instance.
Yes, I chose a wide term on purpose. I’m curious to see what all people use.
I’m currently using an ecobee, but want to a selfhosted server rather than third party for HVAC.
You can connect the ecobee to home assistant using HomeKit which runs local. I’ve got a nest and google once got rid of the api over a year before having a replacement ready so anything local is no go with them.
Many thermostats that have Apple HomeKit integration can be entirely locally controlled through Home Assistant. Ecobee’s thermostats fall into this category. I use a Sensi ST55 that I got from my utility company for $1 that works the same way.