It’s important that while we are looking for solutions for the now that we also reflect on how it could have been prevented. If this is burned into our memories, maybe next time someone that represents us gains power we’ll force them to prevent something similar from happening again in the future.

I think we could eliminate it if literally everyone put in a fairly minor effort - getting vaccinated, masking, washing hands, avoiding gatherings for a while.

Even in countries where the culture is to wear a mask when you are sick I guarantee significant minority selfishly ignores those practices - more than enough to spoil it for everyone else.

Also, masking helps lessen but doesn’t prevent the spread in all cases. Many of the cultures that mask when sick do so because they are going to work or are out and about while sick. The more time you spend with someone, the higher the chances of transmission even if you are both masking.

I think their point is that, with effort, it can be become a thing of the past.

However, so many are unwilling to put forth the effort because it’s either too inconvenient or they’ve been brainwashed into believing it’s a hoax.

They should be held accountable.

I would like everyone to be held accountable. How does letting Trump win help the country? Is he going to hold them accountable for anything you’ve listed?

This sweeping under the rug because of “blue no matter who” mentality shares more similarity with right wing extremities than with normal people.

Keeping openly fascist tyrants out of power isn’t sweeping it under the rug.

You act like preventing neoliberal dems from winning an election will “teach them a lesson” or “hold them accountable”. It won’t. Every time a Republican wins an election it pushes democrats further to the right in an attempt to be the reasonable centrists. Look at the last several decades and tell me that isn’t what happened. Corporate Democrats don’t get more brave and try to capture the leftist’s vote, they cower and try to claw more independents as the Republicans push more to the right.

The answer isn’t to not vote or vote third party. The answer is to get involved and fucking make them more left. Be the third party and start local, protest, make your voice heard.

the same process

It doesn’t necessarily involve the middle man, who is ultimately the bigger fish that enshittifiers are looking to land. I think that’s relevant. Enshittification’s process involves capturing both a “retail” user base and a business user base and then squeezing both.

Edit. Enshittification is layered and more specific to industries and markets that are not inherently profitable. It starts with seed money being burned for that initial user base and fucks over everyone up and down the chain because the business is not really profitable otherwise. Skimp/shrinkflation is more about squeezing more profit than you are already making.

I’ve see it used a lot recently to describe the general degradation of quality in service of increasing profits. I think technically, it is not enshittification. Below is my general definition of the process enshittification describes. Repost from another comment.

1. Attract users/customers with high quality services/products to create a captive/dependent user base.
2. Attract business customers (ex. advertisers or businesses that can benefit from access to the user base in some way) by offering them high value services by fucking over your captive user base create a captive/dependent busiess customer base.
3. Fuck over your captive business customers to increase your own profit.

A word that includes the word “shit” in it has a very nice ring to it when describing things getting generally shittier in favor of profit. I suppose language can evolve rapidly and things mean what people believe them to mean.

Edit: As per Wikipedia’s Shrinkflation Entry:

Skimpflation involves a reformulation or other reduction in quality.

I see skimpflation as a form of shrinkflation. The idea is still that the price stays the same but to try and hide the cost increase from the customer they give you less. I guess fewer strawberries per “smoothie” is even more subtle than fewer ounces of the original “smoothie” formula per bottle.

To be a pedantic asshole, technically enshittification is meant to refer to online services that follow an inevitable process of…

1. Attract users/customers with high quality services/products to create a captive/dependent user base.
2. Attract business customers (ex. advertisers or businesses that can benefit from access to the user base in some way) by offering them high value services by fucking over your captive user base create a captive/dependent busiess customer base.
3. Fuck over your captive business customers to increase your own profit.

Admittedly, I see enshittification used colloquially meaning basically “business found a way to fuck over its customers more than usual to increase their profit”. Perhaps that is what you mean by “General enshittification”.

Why do ordinary people seem so unprotected against these shady practices

Assuming you are in the USA, it’s fundamentally because our politics is fueled by private money. The “haves” spend lots of money to make rules that protect and enrich themselves at the expense of the “have nots”. The rich get richer, and the rest of us get a larger share of the burden.

The rich then spend more of their money convincing everyone else that some minority group of their fellow “have nots” are to blame and let us fight amongst ourselves. They starve us but leave us with just enough left to lose so that the price of doing something about it is too high (quitting, losing health insurance, getting arrested at a protest, etc) for most of us to bear.

how can we change this?

Get money out of politics. Get the public to stop blaming their fellow have nots and demand change from the haves.

How does one person even start to address these issues?

Have empathy for and help your neighbors if you can, especially when they take the risks required to push for actual change. Talk to people. Organize. Support/start unions or a mutual aid organization. Go to local government meetings and make your voice heard. Run for local office.

Its easy for a small group of wealthy organizations to tilt specific elections or politics in their favor. It’s much harder them to do that in 1,000+ small communities across the nation.

Fundraisers and charities, when you have a lot money, are rarely acts of charity. They tend to be PR campaigns and power plays.

Honestly, even when the acts have good intentions, they are often quite damaging. The involvement of the wealthy in charity is very similar to their involvement in politics. Their wealth buys influence and gives them a disproportionate say that allows them to ignore and overrule the will of the people and sometimes even reality.

For example, look into the impact of Bill Gates’s “acts of charity” in the education space. He poured money into charter programs that negatively impacted public education. Later studies showed that his programs were not particularly effective.

Let’s say, hypothetically, that a very rich person is convinced by some charlatan that they found the a means to produce free energy. The wealthy person throws tons of money at the idea. How many talented people will be taken from other legit programs because the paycheck at Bullshit Energy Nonprofit is better? These rich people are successful and think they know bestr. Their money ensures they get treated like experts because money makes things happen whether or not those things are helpful.

My point is that people like Trump aren’t looking to help the weak. Trump is looking to exploit them. The only “problems” be wants to fix are barriers to more easily exploit them.

By blaming the minorities, he creates a scapegoat for his base and others to blame for their problems. This distracts them from the fact that him and people like him are the cause of their problems.

Sure, some of them are racist but I honestly think most of them are just hurt, angry, scared, ignorant, and desperate. If they had more exposure to minorities most of them would change their beliefs.

I think the problem is that the powerful are endlessly fucking over the weak for profit. It’s been getting worse and we’re feeling more squeezed every year.

Racism is just a tried and true, old reliable, when it comes finding a scapegoat to get people to blame someone else.

In maybe third grade I brought my collection of x-men trading cards as part of a sort of show and tell activity. It was in a sizable three-ring binder with those 3x3 slot cars sheets. I had a number of highly valued “foil/hologram” cards. The binder was gone when I got back from lunch. I was devastated and learned to never leave anything of value not locked up if I’m not watching it.

At work we have a kitchen/break room. I’ve had shit stolen from there a lot. Utensils, cups, bowls. Wash it after lunch, put it in the drying rack, come back in an hour to get it and it’s gone. Once my department had a leftover pizza from an event donated to us. I brought in a baking sheet to reheat it in the oven for a lunch morale boost for the team because we had to work that weekend. The sheet, left in a drawer and not visible to any casual observers, was gone by Monday. That was actually the first item I’d had stolen there but I thought I was just s fluke.

I’ve literally bought upgrades and utensil sets for the kitchen (maybe people “stealing” my utensils just forgot to bring a fork, borrowed mine, and brought it home by accident?). Stuff like drying towels, soap dispensers + large refill bottles, a microwave food cover… all stolen. I’d keep getting frustrated with, for example, people leaving the sponge wet in the sink. I’d think “its been a year since I last donated something, maybe it’ll be different this time…” and I’d buy an OXO sponge holder or something and within a week it would be gone. Everyone in my office, including secretaries and cleaning staff, gets paid at least a living wage with great health benefits. Some make well over 100k. I just imagine someone making twice my salary seeing a nice soap dispenser and taking it home… lost a good bit of faith in humanity and affected me way more than it should have.

I found a solution though. Whoever was stealing this shit couldn’t deal with the shame of being reminded that they stole it. I started labeling the donated items using my organization’s acronym with a permanent marker in big visible letters. None of that’s been stolen. I was going to engrave my utensils/dishes but decided instead to look like an asshole and bring my own towel when washing my dishes, drying them immediately, and taking them back to my desk immediately.

[How] do you think Trump, with the powers newly granted to the office he’s again running for, will act in his second term?

There could have been better worlds

So… because Trump didn’t get unhinged to the point where he started a nuclear war, you aren’t worried.

• How did you feel about refusing to concede in the 2020 election and creating uncertainty and doubt about the electoral process among a not insignificant minority of voters?

• How about inciting an angry mob to interrupt the peaceful transfer of power on January 6th?

• How did you feel about hoarding and hiding classified documents so that he could show them off to impress his friends and guests? Maybe even sell them if times are tough?

• How about strong-arming the Republican party and installing his family to run it?

• How do you feel about how his SCOTUS has changed the fundamentals of the US government?

• The Chevron deference?

• Bribery?

• Presidential “immunity” for official acts?

• How do you feel about the loss of the right to have an abortion?

Do you think Trump, with the powers newly granted to the office he’s again running for, will act in his second term? Where is your line?

I see. So what has happened over the last 8 years as a direct result of his election isn’t concerning to you?

now that Trump has been president once, I know what it’s like when that happens and don’t worry that much about it anymore).

That sounds disturbingly like you aren’t all that concerned about what a second Trump presidency would be like. It sounds like you think the first one wasn’t as bad as people thought it would be and the second one will similarly be better than people think. Am I misreading your words?

USA here. They’d likely consider this to be extremely patronizing, but I consider most conservative voters to be unaware of what it is they are actually preaching. It’s crazy but the more extreme their views get, the more I’m convinced they’re misinformed and misled. Some folks at the top of their pyramid I legitimately hate - I have no doubt they know exactly what they are doing.

So many of conservative beliefs just fly in the face of reality. I hate that they’re perpetuating the harm that the beliefs and resulting policies cause, but seeing as how they are mostly based on clear and obvious lies, I have to assume that most of the supporters just don’t realize they are being lied to and have invested emotionally in an identity that actively harms their own interests.

Or you could mandate that corporations, instead of being legally required to make the line go up at the expense of anyone they can exploit, are required to pursue less environmentally destructive practices. I wouldn’t be surprised if a number of them already did research on this but found it impacted their bottom line and dismissed it.

It would really help to know what concepts you are already familiar with and feel like you understand. Edit: it would also be helpful to know what you are trying to do that has you working with ports or using a VPN. There are countless situations where ports and VPNs are involved. /Edit Lacking that, I’m going to cover a lot of basic concepts. I’m assuming typical/common situations, as always it can always be different and more complicated. Wall of text incoming.

Typical basic networks are a collection of devices that are able to communicate with each other through some medium like a wired network or WiFi. Each device In a network will have an IP address (a set of four numbers between 1 and 254 divided by periods for example: 192.168.1.100). For one device to send a message to another device, it addresses the message to the device using its IP Address. This is like sending a letter in the mail - you need to mark the letter with the street address or it won’t be delivered.

Now sticking with this analogy, if I wanted to send you a letter and you lived in a hotel or apartment complex without a dedicated address just for you, I need to make sure to address the letter not just to your building but also to you specifically. This is where ports come in. If I want to join your Minecraft server, I need to be able to reach your computer specifically and I also need to make sure my Minecraft game is talking to your Minecraft server and not your web browser or something. Software listens for specific ports. So to join a Minecraft server hosted on your computer with the address 192.168.1.100 I’d need to also specify the port so that the Minecraft server software know my messages are for it specifically.

That’s the ELI5 version.

Stepping up the complexity now. In most cases, joining someone’s Minecraft server is more complicated because I’m on my home network, and my router is connected to the internet, and through the internet I connect to your router and then from your router I need to connect to your computer. The way this works is that each of our routers are on two different networks - our home network and the Internet.

Most home networks will look very similar. There are ranges of addresses that are reserved for local (non internet) network devices, such as my example IP address - 192.168.1.100. It is possible that each of our networks (and countless other home networks) have a device with this IP address so I can’t just send a message to 192.168.1.100 and have it get to your networks 192.168.1.100 address. Fortunately, routers act as middlemen and coordinate communication between devices inside our network and devices on the internet. Think of the router as a fancy doorman outside the hotel or apartment who knows what room all of those living there are staying.

Unfortunately, it is often the case that my computer will not know the IP address of your computer within your network. You can work around this by using port forwarding. I write “Minecraft” on the letter and you instruct your doorman that any letter with “Minecraft” written on it should be delivered to your Minecraft server. In reality, you’d forward any traffic from the internet with a specific port number directly to your Minecraft server computer. The computer running the server is already “listening” for traffic on that port and will take it from there.

Now for more complicated stuff. Technically, ports are rather arbitrary. Some ports are standardized. As someone else had mentioned, port 80 is the standard for HTTP and 443 is standard for HTTPS (encrypted). However, nothing is stopping you from hosting a webserver on a server using a different port, like port 12345. Your web browser will assume port 80 and the webserver will ignore your web browser until you tell your browser to use port 12345. It is also possible for multiple service or pieces of software to have the same port which causes problems. I have a server on my home network and multiple services that display a web page (port 80 or 443). They can’t all use the same port so I have to work around this by either using different ports or assigning each a different IP address.

So what does “opening” a port mean? Well, as you might imagine there are many pieces of software and many services running on devices in your home network. As a security precaution, many routers will block or ignore any traffic on the internet that tries to talk to it in a way it is not expecting. You don’t want randos trying to connect to your computer through the internet and your router.

Unblocking or opening a port could be something like forwarding a port to a device on your network. Technically, this would involve finding a “Port Forwarding” setting on your router. Here, you would indicate any traffic with port 25565 (the default Minecraft server port) should be directed to your server at address 192.168.1.100. Now your doorman will always deliver every letter with “Minecraft” written on it to your Minecraft server. Be aware that even if you aren’t the server software, every letter like that will continue to be directed to your server. If there is a security flaw in Minecraft, this could technically be something someone could exploit.

Similar to your router, Windows (the operating system) will also block/ignore traffic that it isn’t expecting as a security precaution. Opening a port might mean creating a rule in your firewall setting to let traffic from certain ports into your computer. If Windows is ignoring any letters it doesn’t recognize, my Minecraft letters still won’t reach your Minecraft server even if it is clearly addressed to it. Windows may also be blocking traffic from leaving your computer if it does not have a firewall rule telling it otherwise so its possible the server got my letter, but Windows blocked the reply so I’m left hanging.

A VPN is a Virtual Private Network. This term can mean a few different scenarios but what they all have in common is that it creates a hole into your network, bypassing the router (maybe both routers). It is sometimes called a tunnel, which is a pretty good metaphor. Basically, you are running a virtual network cable through the internet from one computer or network to another. Through this virtual network, devices will be able to see and interact with each other as if they were on the same network.

Real life example. I manage a few servers where I work. If I need to log into those servers from home I cannot do this. It would be extremely dangerous to just let anyone on the internet have access to the server’s login screen. So instead, I use a VPN. Now my home computer is virtually connected to my work’s internal network - as if I’d brought my personal laptop into work and plugged it into the network jack next to my workstation in my office. I can use the same software I’d use at work to log into my servers without having those servers directly exposed to the internet. I am limited by my home internet speeds but it is otherwise almost identical.

Similarly, we could install VPN software on our two computers and I could then join your Minecraft server directly, bypassing your router, as if we were both on your home network.

Like I said, there are quite a few ways to do this and I’ve heard many of the ways referred to as either a VPN or a tunnel. More context could get you a better answer.

Generally, opening ports is a security risk. This is especially true when opening more common ports or ports that get a lot of use. More common, standard ports will be more likely to get attacked and ports that get a lot of use will be more likely to be targets of exploits. It really depends on your scenario. Imagine that, if someone wanted, they could likely figure out what port you’ve opened and what is listening for that port on your home network. They might try to brute force a password or take advantage of the software’s security flaws.

Forwarding a randomly chosen port so a friend can join your Minecraft server? Not so risky. Opening port 22 so you can log into your home computer while you are away from home? Much riskier. Using an atypical port for remote access is still risky as, like I said, you have to assume that if someone really wanted to, they could figure out that remote access is running on port 17426 or whatever random number you may have chosen.

I’m still using my HL5280DW. The w (and later the n) both stopped working, so I connected it to an old pi I had laying around to print to it over the network.

Only downside is no Windows 11 (thanks new work laptop) driver support if I connect directly via USB.

I think I changed my toner for the first time like 2 years ago. The high capacity toner I bought with the printer worked just fine (after 16 years in my closet) when I installed it. I don’t expect it to run out of toner until I’m long dead.