Your first type (treasury) isn’t usually called inflation, AFAIK.
That’s a metric more widely referred to as ‘money supply,’ and it has a number of different types even within that (M0, M1, M2, etc), depending on if you’re talking about simple cash, bank deposits, and other liquid assets. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_supply#Measures_of_money_supply
It’s probably a good thing I’m not a national leader because the first thing I’d do is recall all diplomats and cut off relations. He wants isolationism? Give it to him and let him feel it for real, not just his tough-guy head-canon version of it.
Use whatever human rights violation justifications necessary (shouldn’t be hard) to hit the US in the wallet. Cut off US businesses from customers abroad. Expel military personnel. Pull travel visas. All the tricks America uses against everyone else. Make the people feel the inconvenience of not being a world citizen.